Tilting Head & Itchy Ears - The Trouble with Your Pet's Ear Infections

Ear infections are one of the most common reasons pet owners bring their dogs and cats to the veterinarian. While they might seem minor at first, ear problems can quickly become painful and lead to more serious complications if left untreated. Understanding the symptoms, how infections are diagnosed, and what treatment options are available can help you act quickly and keep your pet comfortable.

What causes ear infections?

Ear infections develop when bacteria, yeast, or occasionally parasites overgrow inside the ear canal. Dogs are especially prone to ear issues because of their ear shape. Breeds with floppy ears, hairy ear canals, or a love of swimming tend to trap moisture and debris, creating the perfect environment for microbes to thrive. Cats experience ear infections less frequently than dogs, but when they do, allergies or ear mites are often the culprit.

Underlying conditions such as allergies (food or environmental), hormonal imbalances, foreign bodies like grass awns, or excessive ear cleaning can also disrupt the ear’s natural defenses and lead to infection. In many cases, treating the infection alone isn’t enough—your veterinarian will want to address the root cause to prevent recurrence.

Common symptoms to watch for

Pets with ear infections are often uncomfortable, and their behavior usually reflects that. Signs with dogs or cats may include:

• Frequent head shaking or tilting

• Scratching or rubbing the ears

• Redness or swelling inside the ear

• Unpleasant odor from the ear

• Dark, yellow, or bloody discharge from the ear

• Sensitivity or pain when touched

• Changes in balance or difficulty walking in severe cases

Cats may be more subtle, sometimes just showing decreased activity or avoiding touch around the head. If you notice any of these signs, it’s best to schedule a veterinary exam promptly. Waiting too long can allow the infection to spread deeper into the ear, making it harder and more expensive to treat.

How veterinarians diagnose ear infections

A proper diagnosis is essential because not all ear infections are the same. Your veterinarian will start with a physical exam and ask about your pet’s history, including diet, allergies, swimming habits, and previous ear issues.

Next, they’ll examine the ear canal using an otoscope to look for inflammation, discharge, foreign objects, or damage to the eardrum. A small sample of ear debris is often collected and examined under a microscope -- this is called an ear cytology. This helps identify whether bacteria, yeast, or mites are present and guides the choice of medication.

In chronic or severe cases, additional tests like bacterial culture, allergy testing, or imaging may be recommended to uncover deeper or recurring problems.

Treatment options

Treatment for ear infections depends on the cause and severity of the infection. Most uncomplicated cases respond well to:

• Professional ear cleaning

• Medicated ear drops containing antibiotics, antifungals, or anti-inflammatory agents

• Oral medications for more severe infections

  
  

If allergies are contributing, your veterinarian may suggest dietary changes, allergy management, or long-term medication. Pets with chronic ear disease may need routine cleanings and preventive care at home.

In rare, advanced cases where the ear canal has thickened or infections keep returning, surgery may be considered to improve comfort and quality of life.

Prevention tips

Regular ear checks at home can help you catch problems early. Keep ears clean and dry, especially after bathing or swimming, and only use veterinarian-recommended cleaning solutions. Avoid inserting cotton swabs deep into the ear canal, as this can cause injury.

Most importantly, don’t ignore early signs. Prompt treatment can prevent pain, protect your pet’s hearing, and save you from more extensive care later.

Healthy ears mean a happier pet—and a little vigilance goes a long way toward keeping those tails wagging and whiskers twitching comfortably.

Have questions about your pet’s ear troubles? 

Schedule an appointment with your primary care veterinarian or visit our Burbank or Koreatown location if your pet is showing signs of an ear infection. 

Call us at (818) 296-0700 in Burbank or (323) 302-5200 in Koreatown to speak with a member of our care team. We’re here to help for your furry loved one’s medical needs!